Organizer: Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University

Type/Location: In Person / Ithaca, NY

Description:

Join the Southeast Asia Program at Cornell University for a talk by Analyn Salvador-Amores, Professor of Anthropology and former Director of the Museo Kordilyera at the University of the Philippines-Baguio. Dr. Salvador-Amores will discuss the commodification and revival of Indigenous tattoos from the Northern Philippines.

Abstract:

Tattoos, or batok was once a place-based practice accorded to the members of Kalinga,  an ethnolinguistic group in northern Luzon, Philippines. Batok served as badges of honor for the men who successfully participated in tribal warfare in the past; and as a form of aesthetics for the women, both of whom reflects the relevant social position they occupy in the community: religious, political association, and economic status. During the American colonial period at the turn of the century, the traditional tattoos were abhorred due to its association to “savages and criminality” and waned in the next century.

Today, there is a strong wave of revival of traditional tattoos in the contemporary period. Foremost inspired by Apo Whang-ud, a 90-year old elderly woman and a tattoo practitioner from a remote village in Buscalan, Tinglayan in Kalinga.  It has generated a growing interest on Kalinga tattoos from the local and international market.  The wave of revival of traditional tattoos among the younger Kalinga has been accompanied by a steady influx of urban and diasporic Filipinos of non-Kalinga origin visiting Buscalan to get tattooed. It is here that the most dynamic process of the transformation of tattooing can be observed. In what seems to be an ongoing revival or reinvention of traditional tattoos in the contemporary times, the tattoos now  are also commodified due to the advent of tourism.

The popularity of Kalinga tattoos has opened new arenas for both traditional and contemporary forms of expression dissociated from the symbolic meanings – tattoos as graphic designs devoid of ritual acts. Due to the influx of tourists to the village of Buscalan since 2014, which burgeoned in 2015 and continues to grow even until now. Initially, Whang-ud started with an apprentice of her niece Grace Palikas; today there are two hundred fourteen (214)  other young female and male tattoo artists in the village who tattoo tourists from their homes, and have travelled to the cities to tattoo outside of the village.

With the vibrant economy bolstered through the quest for authentic tattoos by Apo Whang-ud, a significant new phenomenon developed, of local people patronizing the younger tattoo artists in the village and getting inked by the same tattoos that they abhorred forty years ago. The pain, perforation of the skin, and permanence (embodied) that one experiences to construct individual and social identities through appropriation of the batok resulted in the re-contextualization of the tattoos in the present.

About the Speaker:

Analyn Salvador-Amores is Professor of Anthropology and former Director of the Museo Kordilyera at the University of the Philippines Baguio. Her research interests include anthropology of the body, non-Western aesthetics, material culture, endangered cultures, ethnographic museums, Indigenous peoples and colonial photography in the Philippine Cordillera. She studied for her PhD in Social and Cultural Anthropology at Oxford University. In addition to her award-winning book, Tapping Ink, Tattooing Identities: Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Kalinga Society (University of the Philippines Press, 2013), she is the author of many scholarly articles published in various books and journals.

As a public service professor, she continues to engage Indigenous communities in her work, and promoting Indigenous knowledge in different platforms. She actively carries out anthropological fieldwork among the Indigenous communities in Northern Luzon, and have published extensively on this subject. Recently, she is involved in the research on Northern Luzon Philippine collections in the archives and museums in the US and Europe, reconnecting historical documents, archival photographs and material culture to communities of origin in Northern Luzon, through digital repatriation and rematriation. The culmination of this collaborative work with German museums is the book, Hunting for Artifacts: 19th Century German Travelers in the Luzon Cordillera (2025) published by the Cordillera Studies Center, University of the Philippines Baguio.

Registration:

To attend the event in person, please register here.